Ideal thickness of Smith-Robinson graft for anterior cervical fusion. A cadaveric study with computed tomographic correlation

Abstract

To establish the optimal thickness for Smith-Robinson anterior cervical fusion grafts, anterior C4-5 discectomy and fusions were performed on six fresh, frozen cadavers. Plain radiographs and computed tomographic scans then were employed to correlate graft placement with changes in disc space height, foraminal height, and foraminal areas after 3-, 5-, 7-, and 9-mm interbody fusions. The ideal graft thickness appeared to be directly related to the preoperative baseline disc height. For a preoperative disc height of 3.5-6.0 mm, an interbody graft of 2 mm above baseline thickness was most appropriate. A thicker graft was required when the baseline disc height was smaller (2.0 mm) and a thinner graft when the disc height was larger (7.4 mm). No significant correlation was noted between disc space distraction at C4-5 and disc height, foraminal height, or foraminal area at adjacent levels.