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. 1993 Jul;50(7):527-40.
doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820190029004.

The Roscommon Family Study. I. Methods, diagnosis of probands, and risk of schizophrenia in relatives

K S Kendler  1 , M McGuire, A M Gruenberg, A O'Hare, M Spellman, D Walsh
Affiliations

The Roscommon Family Study. I. Methods, diagnosis of probands, and risk of schizophrenia in relatives

K S Kendler et al. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1993 Jul.

Abstract

Objectives: We sought to examine, in a rural county in the West of Ireland, the degree of familial relationship between schizophrenia and other nonaffective psychoses and affective illness (AI).

Design: A case-controlled epidemiologic family study using DSM-III-R criteria.

Participants: This study included three proband groups: (1) all cases with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia from the Roscommon County Case Register born from 1930 onward (n = 285); (2) a random sample of cases from the register with a clinical diagnosis of severe AI (n = 99); and (3) a matched, random sample of Roscommon residents ascertained from the electoral register (n = 150). Face-to-face structured interviews were conducted with 86% of traceable, living relatives (n = 1, 753) and 88% of traceable, living probands (n = 415).

Results: In interviewed relatives, the lifetime risks (+/- SE) for schizophrenia, as a function of the "blind" proband diagnosis, were as follows: schizophrenia, 6.5% +/- 1.6%; schizoaffective disorder, 6.8% +/- 2.5%; schizotypal personality disorder, 6.9% +/- 3.9%; other nonaffective psychoses, 5.1% +/- 2.4%; psychotic AI, 2.8% +/- 1.2%; nonpsychotic AI, 0.6% +/- 0.6%; and control, 0.5% +/- 0.3%. Individuals with schizophrenia reproduced at a rate about one quarter that of controls and the risk for schizophrenia in parents of probands was much less than that found in siblings.

Conclusions: These results support the following hypotheses: (1) in the West of Ireland, as in other populations, schizophrenia is a strongly familial disorder; (2) schizophrenia shares a familial predisposition with a spectrum of clinical syndromes that includes schizoaffective disorder, other nonaffective psychoses, schizotypal personality disorder, and probably psychotic AI, but not nonpsychotic AI; and (3) the diminished reproductive rates associated with schizophrenia have a large impact on the pattern of risk of illness in relatives.

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