An automatic method for enhancing the display of different tissue densities in digital chest radiographs

Abstract

Digital chest radiographs are often too bright and/or lack contrast when viewed on a video display. This often occurs in radiographs taken of patients with dense lungs, or when incorrect x-ray exposure techniques or inappropriate image preprocessing operations are performed (eg, by the computed radiography system or laser scanner). This article describes a method to automatically provide brightness and contrast adjustments to selectively enhance either soft or dense tissues. This method reduces viewer interaction and improves displayed image quality. The algorithm analyzes the gray-level histogram of a chest radiograph and determines the breakpoints that separate the region outside the patient (background), the radiographically soft tissues, and the radiographically dense tissues. From these breakpoints, a series of piecewise linear look-up tables (LUTs) is generated to selectively enhance either the soft tissues or the dense tissues. This is performed by: (1) varying the contrast in the patient background to achieve the desired overall brightness, (2) selectively increasing the contrast of the tissue region of interest, and (3) reducing or maintaining the contrast of the remaining region. The resulting LUTs are applied to the original image via video display.