Polydextrose and activities of brush-border membrane enzymes of small intestine in rats and glucose absorption in humans

Abstract

We investigated the effect of polydextrose, one of the water-soluble non-digestible polysaccharides, on the activities of brush-border membrane enzymes of small intestine in rats and on glucose absorption with relation to the thickness of the unstirred water layer in humans. Rats were fed a 5% polydextrose-supplemented elemental diet for 2 or 4 wk. The mucosal alkaline phosphatase, maltase, and sucrase activities were measured in the upper, middle, and lower intestine. There was no significant difference between control and polydextrose groups. The potentiometric tube was inserted orally in the jejunum. Glucose absorption was measured by perfusion with the solutions with or without 5% polydextrose. There was no significant difference in the glucose absorption rate or the thickness of the unstirred water layer between control and polydextrose solutions. The increase in viscosity of the polydextrose solution was negligible. This study indicated that polydextrose had no effect on the thickness of the unstirred water layer and did not inhibit glucose absorption in humans.