The development of tropisetron in its clinical perspective

Abstract

This review discusses the development of tropisetron as an antiemetic drug with the patient in mind. The original aims of the programme and the progress achieved towards them to date are described. The efficacy and safety data from two dose-ranging studies and four comparative-treatment studies with tropisetron were combined in a prospectively planned meta-analysis of 799 patients. An integrated safety summary is presented which includes all patients from the six studies. Tropisetron at a dose of 5 mg once daily is an effective and well-tolerated, single-agent, antiemetic treatment, which can be given without special precautions to all patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy. In comparison with metoclopramide, tropisetron is more effective in the prevention of nausea and vomiting. When compared with the most potent cocktail treatments currently in use (containing high-dose metoclopramide, dexamethasone and lorazepam or diphenhydramine), tropisetron is equally effective in the prevention of acute vomiting and somewhat less effective in the prevention of nausea. Overall, tropisetron is an effective and well-tolerated antiemetic treatment that is simple to administer, comparing well with currently available antiemetic cocktails. Tropisetron remains effective for the prevention of nausea and vomiting during multiple chemotherapy courses. The simple dosing schedule (5 mg i.v. day 1; one 5 mg capsule daily, days 2-6) makes tropisetron ideal for both inpatient or outpatient use.