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Review
. 1993 Aug;61(4):620-30.
doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.61.4.620.

Testing the integrity of a psychotherapy protocol: assessment of adherence and competence

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Review

Testing the integrity of a psychotherapy protocol: assessment of adherence and competence

J Waltz et al. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1993 Aug.

Abstract

Manipulation checks should be used in psychotherapy trials to confirm that therapists followed the treatment manuals and performed the therapy competently. This article is a review of some strategies that have been used to document treatment integrity; also, their limitations are discussed here. Recommendations for improving these checks are presented. Specific guidelines are offered regarding when and how to assess both therapist adherence to treatment protocols and competence.

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