Intravenous and endobronchial administration of G4120, a cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp-containing platelet GPIIb/IIIa receptor-blocking pentapeptide, enhances and sustains coronary arterial thrombolysis with rt-PA in a canine preparation

Abstract

G4120, L-cysteine, N-(mercaptoacetyl)-D-tyrosyl-L-arginylglycyl-L-alpha- aspartyl-cyclic(1-->5)-sulfide, 5-oxide, a synthetic cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp-containing pentapeptide, has a high affinity (dissociation constant of 4 nM) for the platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor. The effects of its intravenous or endobronchial administration on thrombolysis, reocclusion, and bleeding time prolongation induced with 0.45 mg/kg bolus injections of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in combination with intravenous heparin (4,000-unit bolus and 1,000 units each hour) were studied in a canine model consisting of an erythrocyte-rich blood clot in the left anterior descending coronary artery. Coronary patency was monitored for 3 hours both by ultrasonic flow probe and by repeat coronary angiography. Four groups of six to 10 dogs were studied with intravenous infusions of 0, 0.1, 0.2, or 0.3 mg/kg G4120 over 60 minutes. G4120 at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg reduced the time to reflow from a mean control value of 45 to 8 minutes (p = 0.036) and delayed reocclusion (p = 0.001). Four groups of five or six dogs were studied with endobronchial instillation of G4120 in a randomized, blinded study design using 0, 0.13, 0.25, or 0.5 mg/kg G4120. Endobronchial G4120 at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg reduced the time to reflow from a mean control value of 52 to 7 minutes (p = 0.039) and abolished cyclic reocclusion and reflow (p = 0.008). G4120 induced a dose-related transient prolongation of the template bleeding time and inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation. G4120, a synthetic low-molecular-weight GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor that may be produced by chemical synthesis, may be of clinical value as a conjunctive agent for thrombolysis in patients with ischemic coronary syndromes.