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. 1996 Jul;174(1):26-33.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/174.1.26.

Factors influencing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission by blood transfusion. Transfusion Safety Study Group

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Factors influencing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission by blood transfusion. Transfusion Safety Study Group

M P Busch et al. J Infect Dis. 1996 Jul.

Abstract

One hundred thirty-two recipients of blood components that retrospectively tested positive for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (anti-HIV-1) were identified. Fourteen (11%) remained seronegative throughout follow-up. Donor and recipient characteristics that could have influenced transmission were examined. Attributes did not differ for infected and uninfected recipients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from uninfected recipients were HIV-1-negative by DNA amplification and culture but were susceptible to in vitro infection. Transmitting and nontransmitting donors at donation differed only for HIV-1 RNA positivity. By immunocapture reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, 6 of 11 transmitters and 0 of 11 nontransmitters tested RNA-positive (P = .02). A more sensitive quantitative RNA assay detected RNA in all donation sera, but median levels were higher in transmitting than nontransmitting sera (P = .01). Median CD4 cell counts were lower for transmitting than nontransmitting donors at enrollment (P = .02). Level of viremia is an important determinant of HIV infection by blood transfusion.

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