Predictors of fall-related injuries among community-dwelling elderly people with dementia

Abstract

To determine the annual incidence of fall-related injuries among community-dwelling elderly people with dementia and to identify the factors predicting those likely to sustain such injuries, we conducted a cohort study with a one-year follow-up. As predicting factors, we paid particular attention to behavioural problems and difficulties in helping with activities of daily living based on the Assessment of Basic Care for the Demented (ABCD) scale. Thirty-five of 86 final study subjects and nine of 98 final control subjects sustained fall-related injuries. Significant factors associated with fall-related injuries to demented elderly subjects were ABCD score (adjusted odds ratio 0.73, 95% confidence interval 0.60-0.89), history of falls in the past year (3.65, 1.34-9.95), and Barthel index score (1.04, 1.00-1.08). This highlights the predictive value of better physical function but more difficult care status in relation to ADL for fall-related injuries.