A functional knee brace alters joint torque and power patterns during walking and running

Abstract

Individuals with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury use greater extensor torques at the hip and ankle and lower extensor torques and joint power at the knee during gait compared to healthy subjects. These adaptations may be mediated by (1) altered neuromuscular strategies due to the injury, (2) training effects produced by rehabilitation protocols, and (3) training effects due to the functional knee brace (FKB) used during rehabilitation. The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that a FKB can cause individuals to walk and run with the torque and power patterns observed in rehabilitated ACL-injured individuals. Ten healthy subjects were tested walking and running with and without a FKB. Kinematic and ground reaction data were collected and combined with inverse dynamics to estimate the joint torques and powers. Data were analyzed with a two-way repeated measures ANOVA (gait vs knee condition). In walking, the hip and ankle extensor torques were 14.3% (p < 0.038) and 5.1% (p < 0.003) greater with FKB. In running, the hip extensor torque was 17.0% greater with FKB (p < 0.023). Knee torque was not different between conditions. In walking, the work performed at the hip and knee were 11.6% greater (p < 0.013) and 17.7% lower with FKB (p < 0.025), respectively. Results supported the hypothesis and it was concluded that a FKB may be one causative factor in the development of the unique joint torque and power patterns seen in ACL-injured gait.