CIS-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in the treatment of epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck

Abstract

Twenty-six patients with far-advanced epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (DDP) in high doses, utilizing the technique of concurrent mannitol-induced diuresis. All 26 patients had received prior radical radiotherapy to local disease, 14 had had major ablative surgical procedures, and all but five had been previously treated with chemotherapy. Responses were as follows (duration in months): two complete (2+, 6+), six partial (1, 2, 3, 4, 5+, 8+), ten minor (all but one less than 1.5), and eight no change or progression. Responses were seen in primary tumors, neck nodes, and pulmonary metastases. Nausea and vomiting were seen consistently in all patients but were never dose-limiting. Myelosuppression was mild, with only three patients developing platelet counts less than 50,000/mm3 and no patient with a wbc count less than 2000/mm3. Transient elevations of serum creatinine were common but no patient developed peak levels greater than 2 mg/dl. Transient tinnitus was also common although only four patients developed clinically significant hearing loss during the trial and DDP could be definitely implicated in only one instance. DDP in this dose and schedule is thus effective and safe therapy in a very heavily pretreated group of patients with advanced head and neck cancer and is now being used in combination with other agents in the initial treatment of these patients.