[Multiple free transplants in microsurgery for cervicofacial reconstruction]

Abstract

Microsurgical techniques open the way for much creativity and originality for cervicofacial reconstruction and tumoral repair. Between 1976 and 1994, we performed 481 free transplants for cervico-facial reconstruction. A recently developed strategy has been the use of multiple free transplants, either simultaneously or successively. Between 1990 and 1994, we operated and reconstructed 9 patients using multiple free cervico-cephalic transplants after multitissular and agressive exeresis for tumoral or traumatic lesions. In 3 cases, the transplants were made simultaneously and in the 6 others successively. Three patients received 3 free transplants and 6 patients had 2. In 8 cases, each of the transplants was micro-anastomosed on different vessels. In one case, the two transplants were anastomosed in series, the most distal portion being connected to the most proximal portion (in comparison with the cervical vessels). One death occurred at 6 weeks due to infectious complications. The final result for the 8 other patients was good both morphologically and functionally. Indications for multiple free transplants include: complex tissue loss, multiple and massive tissue loss of the cervicocephalic region. This situation occurs particularly in case of voluminous tumours invading several structures, in multiple tumours and in firearm wounds. These series of patients allowed a definition of recommended techniques in case of difficulties in these very elaborate surgical procedures and confirmed that if the strategy is correctly planned, it is possible to greatly improve the quality of survival in these patients in terms of aesthetics, morphology and function.