Fibrocartilaginous embolism of the spinal cord in dogs: review of 36 histologically confirmed cases and retrospective study of 26 suspected cases

Abstract

Clinical features of 36 dogs with histologically confirmed fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCE) were contrasted with those of 26 dogs in which FCE was suspected based on characteristic clinical findings and the absence of compressive spinal cord disease on myelography. Dogs with confirmed and suspected FCE were of similar signalment, and had acute, nonprogressive dysfunction, often associated with trauma or exercise. The "suspected" group included fewer giant breeds and more often had asymmetric lesions, intact nociception, and upper motor neuron involvement. Dog size and severity of clinical signs probably contributed to owners choosing euthanasia in dogs with confirmed lesions. Accordingly, data from such patients may be skewed relative to these clinical features.