Anterior sagittal anorectoplasty for anorectal malformations and perineal trauma in the female child

Abstract

Vestibular fistula and perineal ectopic anus are the most common anorectal malformations in female children. Anterior saggital anorectoplasty (ASARP) was used to treat 416 patients with these anomalies, as well as cases of perineal canal and third-degree perineal tear, during a 20 year period. Preliminary colostomy was performed in only four patients, who had a perineal tear. For ASARP, a midline incision was made and the rectum was separated from the vagina and placed in the center of the sphincteric muscle complex. The perineal body was reconstructed, and normal appearance of the perineum was achieved. Six patients had complications postoperatively (4 had secondary hemorrhage, 2 had wound infection). One patient with hemorrhage and one with infection required laying open of the wound and revision surgery after 12 weeks. Both recovered well. Of the 416 patients, 397 returned for follow-up 12 weeks after the surgery. Of these, 390 had a normal-looking perineum and normal defecation. Of the remaining seven patients, three had retraction of the rectum, one had recurrence of the fistula, and another had acquired perineal canal. These five children required revision ASARP and recovered successfully. The other two patients had mucosal prolapse, which reduced spontaneously. Three hundred twenty-six children of the 416 patients have had follow-up beyond the age of 3 years. Of these, 291 had normal bowel habits without the use of laxatives. Of the other 35, four had fecal impaction of unknown etiology, which was managed conservatively, 6 had anal stenosis (four underwent posterior Barrow's flap interposition and two responded to dilatation), and 25 had a posterior ledge that caused constipation and required cutback. Overall, eight patients (1.9%) required revision ASARP and 40 others (9.8%) had minor complications. This operation provides consistently good results, and the authors recommend it for the management of anorectal malformations and perineal trauma in female children.