[Prevalence of iron deficiency in the female working population in the reproductive age]

Abstract

Introduction: Iron deficiency is particularly common among women in child-bearing age. The early detection and institution of an appropriate therapy can prevent the development of anemia.

Objective: To study the prevalence of iron deficiency among women in child-bearing age (in the setting of periodic health visits) and the associated risk factors.

Sample and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was undertaken with 322 women in child-bearing age. An hemogram and serum ferritin levels were obtained on the same day when an interview was carried out to obtain data on general personal details, gynecological-obstetrical antecedents, diet, sports, and blood donations. Iron deficiency was defined as a serum ferritin concentration lower than 25 ng/ml.

Results: The prevalence of iron deficiency was 47.5%. In the multivariate analysis, factors significantly influencing on prevalence were: a copious menstruation blood loss (OR = 4.64, CI 2.22-9.68), a body mass index higher than 25 (OR = 0.49; CI 0.27-0.89) and maternity (OR = 2.08; CI 1.12-3.84). The likelihood associated with chi square goodness-of-fit was 0.08.

Discussion: The prevalence of iron deficiency detected is high; although there are clear associated risk factors, the goodness-of-fit was poor; therefore, for predictive purposes it is not possible to delineate a group in a special risk for iron deficiency.