Mapping regions of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein I required for formation of the viral Fc receptor for monomeric IgG

Abstract

Glycoprotein E (gE) and glycoprotein I (gI) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) form a complex that binds the Fc domain of monomeric IgG. In this study, we used two approaches to map the regions of gI-1 required for formation of the HSV-1 Fc receptor for monomeric IgG. First, we constructed six plasmids encoding gD-1/gI-1 fusion proteins. Each fusion protein contains a large gI-1 peptide inserted into the ectodomain of gD-1. gD-1/gI-1 fusion proteins were coexpressed with gE-1 using a transfection-infection assay in which cells were transfected with individual fusion protein constructs and then infected with a gE+/gI- virus. Cells were then assayed for monomeric IgG binding using immunofluorescence microscopy. Transfection-infection with two of six fusion proteins conferred monomeric IgG binding activity to cells, whereas cells infected with gE+/gI- virus alone failed to bind IgG monomers. The smallest gI-1 peptide to confer monomeric IgG binding activity contained amino acids 43 to 192. To more precisely map the region of gI-1 required for monomeric IgG binding, we constructed a panel of 10 gI-1 linker insertion mutants. Transfection-infection studies identified two mutants containing linker insertions at gI-1 amino acids 128 and 145, which failed to bind monomeric IgG. The other eight mutants demonstrated wild-type IgG binding activity. Taken together, these results indicate that the region of gI-1 between amino acids 128 and 145 is required for formation of the HSV-1 Fc receptor for monomeric IgG.