Otolaryngologic manifestations of sarcoidosis: presentation and diagnosis

Abstract

Neuro-otologic manifestations of sarcoidosis are rare. Dizziness in particular is a rare presenting complaint of the patient afflicted with this systemic granulomatous disorder. Head and neck and sinonasal presentations of this disease are more common. We reviewed our experience with six such patients who presented for management of their otolaryngologic (ORL) manifestations in order to delineate the involvement of the otolaryngologist in the treatment and diagnosis of these patients, with a focus upon the relevant tests and procedures in the otolaryngologist's de novo diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Studies ordered in the course of otolaryngologic evaluation and their utility in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis by the otolaryngologist are reviewed and classified into useful, supportive, and ancillary. The otolaryngologist played an important role in diagnosis, with four of six patients diagnosed to have sarcoidosis on the basis of their otolaryngologic presentations. Biopsy was performed by the otolaryngologist for diagnosis of sarcoidosis in all four of these cases. Steroids were central to treatment. Oral steroid therapy was the principal treatment: both patients with neuro-otologic sarcoid were successfully managed with oral steroids. Intralesional steroids were necessary to treat the skin lesion. One of six patients patients experienced complications related to steroid use.