[Gallbladder cancer: a review]

Abstract

In Chile, gallbladder cancer is the tumor with the highest mortality rates among women. Cholelithiasis is the most common associated factor and the reduction in cholecystectomy rates could be an important factor in the incidence of gallbladder cancer. Unfortunately, the disease is diagnosed late and the study of the surgical piece is the main form of early recognition. The degree of gallbladder wall infiltration by the tumor is the simplest and best staging method that has prognostic value. Gallbladder fat must be considered as a separate tissue, since its biological behavior differs from that of the subserous. The treatment of these tumors is based in their dissemination modality that is mainly local and regional. Surgical resection and radiotherapy are potentially effective. However the detection of high risk patients that should be subjected to cholecystectomy should be the better therapeutic alternative.