Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia of the sellar region. Report of three cases and review of the literature

Abstract

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) is considered a reactive proliferation of endothelium associated with thrombosis. The occurrence of IPEH in the cranial cavity is exceedingly rare. In this article, the authors report three cases of IPEH that originated from the cavernous sinus and extended into the sellar contents. The lesions were resected incompletely in two cases and completely in one case. The IPEH in one of the patients was incompletely resected and exhibited further growth on magnetic resonance imaging 3 months postoperatively; local radiation therapy was instituted. This led to shrinkage of the lesion over an additional follow-up period of 3.5 years. In a review of the literature, the authors located seven other cases of intracranial IPEH. The authors conclude that clinically symptomatic intracranial IPEH should be completely resected whenever possible, because it can cause considerable morbidity and mortality and because it is prone to progression or recurrence.