Are serum inflammatory markers age dependent in acute appendicitis?

Abstract

Background: Preoperative measurement of body inflammatory agents reduces unnecessary appendectomies by up to 30 percent. A decline in the formation of blood leukocytes and C-reactive protein with aging may hinder the correct diagnosis of appendicitis.

Study design: White cell count and C-reactive protein were determined before appendectomy in 600 patients aged 0 to 5 years, 6 to 19 years, 20 to 39 years, 40 to 59 years, 60 to 79 years, and older than 80 years. Their records were analyzed. The sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, and receiver-operating characteristic curves for C-reactive protein and white cell count to predict appendicitis were calculated separately for each age group.

Results: The rates of negative explorations and perforations were highest at both extremes of age. In uncomplicated appendicitis, the diagnostic potential of white cell count was better than C-reactive protein in all age groups except infants. The C-reactive protein was elevated similarly throughout human life, but only in those with perforated appendicitis. The receiver-operating characteristic curves confirmed that the performance of white cell count was better than C-reactive protein in the correct diagnosis in every age group except infants and octogenarians.

Conclusions: The leukocyte response declines in 0- to 5-year-old children with appendicitis, but the C-reactive protein response is well preserved in all other age groups.