[Congenital abnormalities of the prenasal space: glioma, fistulas and epidermoid cysts]

Abstract

Background: Nasal gliomas are uncommon neurogenic malformations, which derive from the prenasal space. They may appear as intranasal masses, frontonasal masses, or deformities of the nose, brow, or lower central forehead. Almost all of these tumors were diagnosed shortly after birth. The clinical findings of meningoencephaloceles, nasal fistulas, dermoides and epidermoid cysts are presented additionally for differential diagnosis.

Patients: Following some interesting case reports, the management of these types of benign tumors is discussed.

Results: Complete radiologic evaluation with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging should be performed, because a possible intracranial connection must be considered. The preferred surgical treatment of glioma is an endoscopically controlled procedure. In most cases craniotomy is not required. Open rhinoplasty can be helpful for removal of ectodermic malformations.

Conclusions: The surgeon should be familiar with the diagnosis and management of the rare congenital tumors of the nose to ensure proper therapy and to provide the requisite information for patients, parents, and colleagues.