Prognostic value of preoperative squamous cell carcinoma antigen level in patients surgically treated for cervical carcinoma

Abstract

Preoperative evaluation of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCa) was performed in 220 patients with surgically treated early-stage carcinoma of the cervix. The median duration of follow-up was 1.9 years. SCCa was significantly higher in tumors with a squamous element (P < 0.001). There was a squamous element in 171 tumors. SCCa was elevated (>2 ng/ml) in 21.6%. Significantly higher levels were associated with stage II disease (P < 0.001), tumors >4-cm size (P < 0.001), and lymph node metastases (P < 0.001). The positive predictive value for lymph node metastases at >2, >4, and >8.6 ng/ml SCCa is 51.4, 70.0, and 100% and the sensitivity is 58.1, 45.2, and 22.6%, respectively. Low SCCa is a poor predictor of absence of lymph node metastasis. The median SCCa for patients who developed tumor recurrence was greater than those who remained disease free (1.7 and 1.0 ng/ml, respectively, P = 0.009); however, in a multivariate analysis only lymph node metastasis and tumor size were of independent prognostic significance (P = 0.002 and P = 0.004, respectively). SCCa level >8.6 ng/ml is highly predictive of lymph nodal disease. There is no independent prognostic significance in patients with early-stage surgically treated cervical carcinoma.