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Review
. 1997 Jul;36(7):872-80.
doi: 10.1097/00004583-199707000-00008.

Gender identity disorder: a review of the past 10 years

S J Bradley  1 , K J Zucker
Affiliations
Review

Gender identity disorder: a review of the past 10 years

S J Bradley et al. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997 Jul.

Erratum in

  • J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1997 Sep;36(9):1310

Abstract

Objective: To review the clinically relevant literature on gender identity disorder (GID) in children and adolescents over the past 10 years.

Method: All literature referring to gender identity and children or adolescents from 1985 on was reviewed.

Results: Changes in the DSM-IV nomenclature include (1) adoption of the single diagnosis of GID to apply to children, adolescents, and adults; (2) changes in the format of the criteria; and (3) placement in the section "Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders." Rates of associated psychopathology in children with GID are comparable with those in children with other psychiatric disorders, particularly disorders that are internalizing in form. Biological and psychosocial factors thought to be relevant in the development of GID are reviewed.

Conclusions: Research is required to elucidate the complicated interaction between biological and psychosocial factors in the development of GID and to evaluate treatment efficacy.

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Comment in

  • Gender identity disorder.
    Menvielle EJ. Menvielle EJ. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998 Mar;37(3):243-5. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199803000-00001. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998. PMID: 9519623 No abstract available.
  • Gender identity disorder.
    Loeb LR. Loeb LR. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999 Jun;38(6):639-40. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199906000-00005. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999. PMID: 10361778 No abstract available.