The surgical treatment of acute spinal paralysed patients

Abstract

Following the basic principles of Sir Ludwig Guttmann in respect of the comprehensive care and management of spinal cord injured patients, the German SCI centers try to admit those freshly injured preferably on the first day of onset, providing spinal surgery and intensive care. In our series of recent comprehensive spinal paralysed patients admitted from Jan 1st 1993 to Dec 31st 1995 178 patients requested operative decompression and stabilization out of a total of 255 patients. 51.4% of the patients had been operated within the first 24 h, but 10.5% later than 2 weeks. A high incidence of reoperations (45.2%) must be noted in cases operated prior to the admittance to the SCI center due to failures of instrumentation or lack of anterior reconstruction. Nineteen patients with various spinal tumors underwent surgical treatment, and seven patients with spondylitis and severe neurological deficit. Only 64.4% of the 1st day admissions came in time for administration of high dose methylprednisolone according to the NASCIS II study. The additional pelvic and long bone fractures were operated on following the principles of the Swiss AO, thus achieving immediate mobilization as was also possible after surgical spine stabilization. Neurological recovery could only be found in those with incomplete lesions in more than 50% but also two with neurological deterioration had to be accepted in the paraplegic cohort. Eight who were tetraplegic and 14 with paraplegia died within the first 3 months, but nine with paraplegia had a tumor or spondylitis.