Treatment of men with metastatic non-seminomatous germ cell tumours with cyclical POMB/ACE chemotherapy

Abstract

Background: An alternating combination chemotherapy schedule for advanced nonseminomatous germ cell tumours (NSGCT) has been in use since 1977.

Patients and methods: Three hundred thirty-nine men with metastatic NSGCT were treated with POMB/ACE (cisplatin, vincristine, methotrexate, bleomycin, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide and etoposide), including 42 who had received previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Previously untreated patients were classified according to the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) model, and 31% were in the worst prognostic group.

Results: The median follow-up is eight years. The overall survival at five years is 82% (95% confidence interval (CI); 78%-85%). The survival of untreated patients exceeded that for previously treated patients (log-rank P = 0.04) and of testicular tumours exceeded that for primary extragonadal tumours (log-rank P < 0.0001). The survival of men with IGCCCG poor prognosis disease at three years is 75% (95% CI: 65%-84%) compared to 50% in the large cohort which was used to derive the model. There were five early treatment related deaths. In addition, five patients developed acute leukaemia, one developed a second primary lung adenocarcinoma, one man died of pulmonary fibrosis and three men died of cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease.

Conclusions: The POMB/ACE schedule has been employed in a large series of men with metastatic NSGCT over two decades. The fatal toxicity is equivalent to that described for simpler regimens. It yields equivalent response rates and survival in men with good prognosis disease and appears to achieve better survival in patients with poor prognosis disease.