Randomised trial of subcuticular suture versus metal clips for wound closure after thyroid and parathyroid surgery

Abstract

A randomised trial was conducted to compare the results of neck wound closure using metal (Michel) clips or subcuticular suture. All operations were performed using a standardised technique, which included wound infiltration with 10 ml bupivacaine and adrenaline solution, no strap muscle division and the use of suction drains. All the collar incisions and wound closures were performed by the same surgeon. At the end of each operation patients were randomised to wound closure by either metal clips (n = 38) or a continuous 3/0 prolene subcuticular suture (n = 42). Daily postoperative pain scores and the discomfort caused by clip/suture removal were recorded. The cosmetic appearance of each wound was scored by the patient, the surgeon, and an independent observer using verbal response and linear analogue scales. The two study groups were well matched for age, sex, indication for surgery and operation performed. There were no differences in postoperative pain scores between clips and sutures. Removal of subcuticular sutures was performed more quickly (P < 0.0001) and caused less pain (P < 0.0001, visual analogue scale; P = 0.0042, verbal response scale) than the removal of clips. At the time of discharge, the cosmetic appearance scores generated by the surgeon, patient and independent observer were higher for suture closed wounds than clips. However, by 3 and 6 months follow-up there were no differences in cosmetic appearance between the two methods of closure. Only very short-term cosmetic results are influenced by the type of wound closure in thyroid and parathyroid surgery, but sutures are quicker and less painful to remove than Michel clips.