Demographic and behavioral predictors of knowledge and HIV seropositivity: results of a survey conducted in three anonymous and free counselling and testing centers

Abstract

This paper deals with subjects seeking counselling and testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); it analyses which sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics are related to beliefs concerning HIV infection and to HIV seropositivity. A one month survey among individuals who attended HIV testing in three anonymous and free centers (CIDAGs) was carried out in Paris city, on March 1994. 2059 subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire. Data collected included demographic information, sexual and IVDU behavior, and HIV seropositivity. Subjects also had to evaluate their own risk of getting the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the perceived risk of getting AIDS in specific situations such as unprotected anal/vaginal intercourse with a casual partner, with multiple partners, with a seropositive partner, current dental treatment, French kiss, etc.... Multiple linear and logistic regressions have been used to model the dependent variables. Subjects correctly evaluated the risk level of HIV transmission associated with different situations, and women, young men and those engaged in homo/bisexual behavior were in general more conscious of the increased danger resulting from high risk sexual practices. Among males, homo/bisexuals, drug users and the less educated considered themselves to be more at risk. The most important factors related to HIV seropositivity were sexual orientation, intravenous drug use (IVDU), and the perceived risk of getting aids. Despite a good awareness of HIV contamination and an accurate perception of their own risk, many subjects continued to engage in high risk AIDS activities. Better targeted interventions need to be developed to promote and maintain behavior changes.