Evaluation of a solid phase red cell adherence technique for platelet antibody screening

Abstract

Solid-phase red-cell adherence (SPRCA) techniques in platelet serology are used mainly for crossmatching. A SPRCA method for general diagnostic application was evaluated in parallel with the platelet suspension immunofluorescence test (PIFT). Of 149 patient sera sent for investigation of thrombocytopaenia, 76 were negative and 59 positive when studied by both methods, eight positive by PIFT only and six positive by SPRCA only. The reactivity observed for 24 sera containing HLA antibodies tested with chloroquine-treated and untreated platelets was similar for both methods. All of 14 sera containing quinine-associated antibodies reacted strongly to both techniques in the presence of added quinine. In comparison, however, whereas all sera were nonreactive to SPRCA in the absence of added quinine, and with PIFT, seven of the sera reacted weakly. Titration studies with three examples of anti-PlA1 and five sera containing HLA antibodies generally showed a one doubling dilution lower titre with the SPRCA procedure. End-point interpretation, however, was more readily achieved with the SPRCA method. The SPRCA technique displays similar sensitivity and specificity to the PIFT and is recommended for use by routine hospital laboratories to screen platelet antibodies.