[Ectopia cordis and Cantrell's pentalogy: personal experience and considerations on the surgical treatment]

Abstract

Clefts of the sternum have always attracted attention whether for pathological and physiological features or for research of surgical correction. Two cases of sternal cleft, one with partial ectopia cordis, the other with Cantrell's pentalogy, are presented. Embryology, strategies and several surgical techniques are discussed on the grounds of personal experience. The pediatric surgeon can make a choice among a lot of surgical techniques, because the ectopia cordis and Cantrell's pentalogy are very uncommon and the surgical treatment has a difficult codification. The knowledge of several methods of surgical correction is necessary to reduce high mortality of ectopia cordis and Cantrell's pentalogy. Primary repair in the neonatal period is the best type of management for these rare conditions, because simple closure of the sternal defect during the first month of life avoids the more complex reconstruction necessary in older children.