One hundred cases of anal fissure treated with botulin toxin: early and long-term results

Abstract

Purpose: Sphincterotomy still is considered the therapy of choice to eliminate sphincter spasm in the treatment of uncomplicated chronic anal fissure. The surgery is weighted with the possible surgical risk and the risk of subsequent fecal incontinence. This study reports the effect of botulin toxin injections within the first six months.

Patients and methods: One hundred patients were treated (43 females; average age, 34.7 years). The injection of botulin toxin (2.5-5 units of Botox each) was done bilaterally to the fissure, thereby causing paresis of the sphincters for approximately three months. Patients were re-examined after one week and three and six months.

Results: Within the first week, 78 percent of patients were free of pain. In 82 percent of patients, complete healing of the fissure occurred within the first three months. Eight patients experienced relapses within the first six months of therapy, three of whom needed surgical intervention. The healing rate after six months was 79 percent. No healing occurred in 21 patients, and they had to undergo surgery. Transitory fecal incontinence resulted in seven cases.

Conclusions: Injection of botulin toxin enables us to treat chronic, uncomplicated anal fissures with increased sphincter tone. It is well tolerated, can be administered on an outpatient basis, does not cause any lesion of the continence organ, and subsequently, does not lead to any permanent latent or apparent fecal incontinence.