Posterior capsule opacification after cataract surgery in patients with uveitis

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the incidence rate of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after phacoemulsification and standard extracapsular cataract extraction (P/ECCE) in eyes with antecedent uveitis with the incidence rate in eyes without any history of intraocular inflammation.

Design: Review of records of 108 eyes of 78 patients with uveitis and 122 eyes of 106 patients with no uveitis who underwent P/ECCE. Rates of PCO were compared by the log-rank test of differences in the Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Proportional hazards regression models provided estimates of the relative risks of PCO among uveitic compared to nonuveitic eyes.

Main outcome measures: Performance of neodymium: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy was used as a proxy measure for the main outcome of visually significant PCO.

Results: Study patients ranged in age from 6 to 81 years (median, 44.5 years) among those with uveitis and 27 to 96 years (median, 68.5 years) among those without uveitis (P = 0.0001). Crude incidence rates for visually significant PCO were 54% over a mean follow-up of 4.3 years in uveitic cases and 40% over a mean follow-up of 3.9 years among nonuveitic cases (P = 0.02). Estimates of PCO incidence (95% confidence interval) in uveitic eyes derived from the Kaplan-Meier models were 38.5% (range, 28.9%-48.2%) at 1 year and 56% (range, 45.8%-66.3%) at 3 years, and estimates among nonuveitic eyes were 11.5% (range, 6.2%-16.8%) at 1 year and 38.4% (range, 29%-47.8%) at 3 years. These rates of PCO among patients with uveitis and those patients without uveitis differed significantly by the log-rank test (P = 0.004). However, after adjusting for the younger age of patients with uveitis, the rates of PCO were no longer statistically different.

Conclusions: The apparent higher rate of PCO in patients with uveitis is primarily due to their younger age at the time of surgery. A moderately increased independent risk of PCO from uveitis cannot, however, be ruled out by this study.