Cerebral CT angiography in the diagnosis of acute subarachnoid hemorrhage

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of CT angiography (CTA) in the detection of intracranial aneurysms in patients with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Material and methods: In 53 patients with nontraumatic SAH a helical contrast-enhanced CTA was performed. CTA data were reconstructed with maximum intensity projection (MIP). Each patient underwent selective arteriography of the cerebral vessels (as the gold standard). CTA (axial images and MIP reconstructions) and arteriography were evaluated separately and their diagnostic information was compared.

Results: In 14 of the 53 patients neither CTA nor angiography showed a vascular malformation. In the remaining 39 patients, angiography demonstrated a total of 51 aneurysms ranging in size from 3 mm to 16 mm. CTA missed one of these aneurysms, which was located at the internal carotid artery. 3-D CT reconstruction was slightly superior to arteriography in the demonstration of the neck, shape and direction of the aneurysms. Partial thrombosis of 3 aneurysms was demonstrated only by CTA.

Conclusion: Although CTA cannot replace cerebral arteriography in the diagnostic work-up of acute SAH, it proved to be helpful in demonstrating the topographic anatomy of cerebral aneurysms and surrounding structures.