Effectiveness of computer-assisted instruction in increasing the rate of universal precautions--related behaviors

Abstract

Background: With widespread noncompliance to universal precautions well established, an experimental study was designed to compare the rate of universal precautions--related behaviors between nurses who participate in computer-assisted instruction. This study also explored the relationship between rates of universal precautions--related behaviors and subjects' demographic and experiential characteristics and history of occupational blood-borne exposure.

Methods: Data were collected by using a questionnaire to elicit information as to subjects' demographic and experiential characteristics and history of occupational blood-borne exposure. The Universal Precautions Assessment Tool was used to gather data on rates of universal precautions--related behaviors on two groups of registered nurses with 30 subjects per group.

Results: By using analysis of variance, the null hypothesis was rejected. The intervention used in this study did increase universal precautions--related behaviors. Multiple regression was used to analyze the research question and none of the variables were significant. Forty (67.8%) subjects reported receiving a needlestick or cut caused by a needle or sharp that was actually or potentially contaminated with blood or body fluids. Of these exposures, only one patient was known to be HIV antibody positive.

Conclusion: Replication studies using computer-assisted instruction interventions are needed as are studies aimed at exploring other potentially effective interventions.