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Review
. 1997 Nov;13(3):455-69.
doi: 10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30308-x.

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3, and respiratory coronavirus

S Kapil  1 , R J Basaraba
Affiliations
Review

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3, and respiratory coronavirus

S Kapil et al. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 1997 Nov.

Abstract

A number of viruses have been proven to be primary respiratory pathogens of cattle. Viruses may play an important role in making cattle susceptible to secondary respiratory bacterial pathogens. Epidemiology, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis, and important properties in infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), parainfluenza-3 (PI-3), and bovine respiratory coronavirus (BRCV) are described in this article.

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