Dental abnormalities in children treated for neuroblastoma

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the frequency and types of dental abnormalities among children treated at a young age for cancer, as represented by neuroblastoma.

Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the dental records and panoramic radiographs of 542 children who were treated for neuroblastoma at our institution over a 31-year period. Patients in our study had to meet the following criteria: they were treated on an institutional protocol, they had undergone panoramic radiography, and their dental follow-up continued for at least 2 years after diagnosis. We evaluated the frequency of clinically or radiographically apparent microdontia, excessive caries, root stunting, hypodontia, and enamel hypoplasia in our study population.

Results: Of the 52 patients who met the study criteria, 71% developed dental abnormalities, comprising microdontia in 38%, excessive caries in 29%, root stunting in 17%, hypodontia in 17%, and enamel hypoplasia in 17%. In nearly half (23) of our patients, neuroblastoma was diagnosed on or before their first birthday.

Conclusion: Children treated for neuroblastoma are at high risk for abnormal dental development. The abnormalities in these patients may require extensive dental care and can compromise their quality of life. Frequent dental examinations and an intense oral hygiene program before, during, and after treatment may improve overall dental health.