[Fracture-luxation of the femur head. Apropos of 10 cases]

Abstract

The authors report 10 segmental fractures of the femoral head associated with a dislocation of the hip. Using PIPKIN's classification, they noted 1 type I, 7 type II and 2 type III fractures. The initial treatment of the hip dislocation was conservative in all cases. Failure of reduction was noted in 6 cases and was complicated by fracture of the femoral neck in 2 cases. The attitude regarding the head fragment was: conservative in 5 cases, the reduction was considered satisfactory in 4 cases and poor in 1 case; surgical in the other 5 cases: screw fixation in 1 case, excision of the fragment in 1 case and prosthetic replacement of the femoral head in 3 cases. After a mean follow-up of 5 years, functional results were satisfactory in the majority of cases. The radiological assessment showed malunion without osteoarthrosis in one case and avascular necrosis of the femoral head in three cases. The authors propose a treatment policy based upon their experience and a review of the literature.