Detection of "PNH red cell" populations in hematological disorders using the Sephacryl Gel Test micro typing system

Abstract

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal disorder characterised by an unusual sensitivity of abnormal red cell population(s) to complement lysis, due to a complete or incomplete defect of various surface molecules, including CD55 and CD59. PNH has been associated with various hematological disorders. Using a newly introduced method, the Sephacryl gel test microtyping system, we investigated the presence of CD55 or CD59 defective red cell populations in several hematological disorders. It was also found that a large proportion of such patients possess CD55 deficient populations, while a smaller but still significant proportion possess CD59 deficient populations. Defective red cell populations were detected in normal subjects as well. These findings need further investigation. Nevertheless the Sephacryl Gel Test microtyping system although non specific, seems to be useful in screening for the PNH and/or "PNH-like" red cell defect in several hematological disorders.