[The significance of converting enzyme inhibitor angiotensin I to angiotensin II in treatment of patients with coronary disease]

Abstract

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are now established drugs in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is complex and acts as a circulating hormonal system, a local endogenous tissue system and neuromodular. Current experimental evidence suggests that ACE inhibitors reduce the risk associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The antiatherogenic action of ACE inhibitors is related to complex effects mediated by these agent, including an antiproliferative and antimitotic action, beneficial effects on endothelial function, plaque-stabilizing effects and the action of these agents on the sympathetic nervous system. The role of ACE inhibitors in preventing the clinical sequale of atherosclerotic cardiac disease has been evaluated in various patient populations. Several small trial assess the effects of ACE inhibitors in severity of angina pectoris have reported conflicting results, with benefit is some patients and no benefit or even exacerbation of angina in others, indicating that ACE inhibitors do not have consistent antianginal effects in short-term study. ACE inhibitors have the theoretical potential to prevent restenosis after PTCA but they do not prevent restenosis and has no effect on overall clinical outcome. New data suggest that ACE inhibitors may be effective therapy fir patients following acute myocardial infarction. The renin-angiotensin system, is activated during new myocardial infarction and has an impact on the process of remodeling of the left ventricle which causes ist dysfunction and heart failure. In most of the large mortality trials the rationale for early treatment with ACE inhibitors after myocardial infarction was stated. ACE inhibitors have a positive effect in preventing the ventricular dilatation and they reduce the rate of reinfarctions and the mortality rate.