[Risk factors for the development of phlebitis in peripheral infusions]

Abstract

Objective: To study the incidence and risk factors of development of phlebitis caused by peripheral infusions.

Design: Prospective, descriptive.

Setting: Westindies Hospital, The Hague, the Netherlands.

Methods: For all 348 patients given infusions in a 6-week period the development of phlebitis, if any, and the contributing factors were studied.

Results: Phlebitis developed in 136 patients (39%), after an average of 2.9 days (range: 1-14). Risk factors were female sex, earlier phlebitis, insertion on the ventral surface of the forearm and administration of antibiotics via the infusion. These factors were not interdependent. No correlation was found between development of phlebitis and the size of the needle.

Conclusion: Development of phlebitis depends on a number of factors. Timely removal of the infusion can prevent the development of phlebitis. Infusions should preferably be administered via the hand.