Acute mastoiditis: a 10-year review

Abstract

Purpose: To study how antibiotic treatment and an early decision to aspirate subperiosteal abscesses can reduce hospitalization periods and costs in patients with acute mastoiditis.

Patients and methods: During a 10-year period, 134 patients were diagnosed with acute mastoiditis at the Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat and Head and Neck Surgery (Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel). The diagnoses was based on physical findings of retroauricular swelling and erythema and tenderness, with protrusion of the auricle forward and downward. The majority of patients (77) reached medical treatment during the first 3 days of their disease. Wide myringotomy and intravenous antibiotic treatment, aspiration, and complete cortical mastoidectomy were the treatment options.

Results: With the administration of wide myringotomy and intravenous antibiotic treatment, 115 patients recovered; nine received aspiration and did not need surgery; and only 15 patients who received the antibiotic treatment needed a complete cortical mastoidectomy.

Conclusion: With the wise use of antibiotics and early decision to aspirate subperiosteal abscesses, the hospitalization period, the cost, and the need for surgery can be reduced.