Surgical repair of postinfarction ventricular septal defect by infarct exclusion

Abstract

Repair of postinfarction ventricular septal defect (VSD) by infarct exclusion has been used for a decade in our unit. It involves securing a glutaraldehyde-preserved bovine pericardial patch to the endocardium of the left ventricle all around the necrotic myocardium to exclude the VSD and the infarct from the left ventricular cavity. Fifty-two patients with postinfarction VSD underwent this type of repair from 1987 to 1996. Thirty-four patients were in shock when undergoing operation; 26 had anterior VSD and 26 had posterior. Ten patients died perioperatively, for surgical mortality of 19%. Three patients developed recurrent VSD; one died and two survived. Preoperative cardiogenic shock and age older than 70 years were associated with an increased operative mortality. Operative survivors were followed up from 6 to 135 months, mean of 65 months. The actuarial survival at 8 years was 59% +/- 6%. Repair of postinfarction VSD by infarct exclusion is a relatively simple operative procedure and seems to have improved the results of surgery in patients with posterior VSD.