Role of prognostic factors in the therapeutic strategy of primary gastric non Hodgkin's lymphomas

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate retrospectively in 64 gastric non-Hodgkin lymphoma (G-NHL) patients the role of some prognostic factors in the therapeutic strategy of this disease.

Patients and methods: Sixty-four primary G-NHL patients (39 males and 25 females; median age: 57 years) were retrospectively evaluated. Treatment consisted of surgery alone (S) in 7 patients, chemotherapy alone (CT) in 15, CT + radiotherapy (RT) in 2, S + RT in 2, S + CT in 19, S + CT + RT in 16. Three patients had no treatment. Forty-four patients received sub-total gastrectomy (21) or total gastrectomy (23), and 20 were not submitted to surgery.

Results: After a median follow-up of 106 months (range 48-201), the four-year disease free survival (DFS) was 56% and overall survival (OS) was 59%. In the univariate analysis, tumor invasion depth (p = 0.007), stage (IIE1 vs IIE2: p = 0.007; I-IIE1 vs IIE2-IV: p = 0.0000009) and treatment (in stage IE-IIE1: p = n.s.; in stage IIE2-IV: p = 0.002) were significantly different. In the multivariate Cox regression model, stage was the only significant variable negatively influencing survival.

Conclusions: Our study confirms the prognostic value of both the depth of invasion and the disease stage. In patients with early disease stages and disease localized to the gastric wall, a conservative approach can be recommended. No difference was found between the sub-total and total gastrectomy but surgery retains its fundamental role for G-NHL, even in advanced disease. Prospective trials are needed to confirm these results.