Breed-associated resistance to tick infestation in Bos indicus and their crosses with Bos taurus

Abstract

The relative resistance to tick infestation of zebu (Bos indicus) in comparison to crossbred (B. indicus x B. taurus) cattle was investigated. B. indicus breeds, all belonging to Tanganyika shorthorn zebu were Meru, Mbullu and Iringa red. Crossbreds were Meru x Friesian and Iringa red x Friesian. Parameters to distinguish between 'tick resistant' and 'tick susceptible' cattle were tick counts on naturally exposed animals, serum complement levels and delayed skin hypersensitivity response to phytohaemagglutinin. Results have shown that pure zebu cattle are less infested with ticks when compared to zebu-taurine crosses under identical field conditions. Zebu cattle also had significantly higher serum complement level than crossbred cattle. While serum complement and tick burden were negatively associated (r = -0.27, P < 0.001), the cutaneous response to phytohaemagglutinin did not vary with tick infestation. The influence of cattle breed on tick infestation and serum complement level is demonstrated.