Effects of fluticasone propionate and beclomethasone dipropionate on parameters of inflammation in peripheral blood of patients with asthma

Abstract

Bronchial inflammation plays a central role in asthma. We investigated whether parameters of inflammation were increased in peripheral blood. Furthermore, we tested whether fluticasone propionate (FP), a new inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) affected these parameters. FP 750 microg/day and BDP 1500 microg/day were compared in a randomized, crossover study consisting of two 6-week treatment periods, each preceded by a 3-week placebo period. Twenty-one patients with symptomatic asthma completed the study. The results were compared with those of six normal subjects (controls). Immunophenotyping of inflammatory cells was performed in whole blood, and serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) was measured. With regard to clinical efficacy, ICS increased PC20 histamine by more than 1.9 doubling doses and FEV1 by more than 0.34 l. The number of CD3/HLA-DR+ lymphocytes was significantly increased in asthmatics compared to the normal subjects, both after placebo (P<0.01) and after therapy (P<0.05). The CD3/HLA-DR+ lymphocytes decreased significantly after treatment with FP (P<0.05). Serum ECP was elevated in patients without ICS and decreased after treatment with BDP (P<0.001). In conclusion, the number of CD3/HLA-DR+ lymphocytes and serum ECP levels were raised in the peripheral blood of symptomatic asthmatics, and decreased by clinically effective doses of ICS. In this respect, FP 750 microg/day was at least as effective as BDP 1500 microg/day.