Subacute and reproductive effects in mink from exposure to Fusarium fujikuroi culture material (M-1214) containing known concentrations of moniliformin

Abstract

This study was conducted to ascertain the subacute and reproductive effects in mink (Mustela vison) resulting from exposure to moniliformin, a toxic mycotoxin produced by Fusarium fungi. In a preliminary trial, adult mink were presented diets that contained targeted concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, or 240 ppm moniliformin provided by F. fujikuroi culture material (M-1214). The mink fed diets that contained more than 40 ppm moniliformin refused to eat significant quantities of feed. Feeding adult mink diets that contained 8.1 or 17.0 ppm (wet weight) moniliformin, provided by F. fujikuroi culture material, in a 30-day subacute trial produced no significant adverse effects on feed consumption, body weights, hematologic parameters, or serum chemical values, and notable histologic changes in tissues that were examined. In the reproduction trial, female mink were exposed to the same dietary concentrations of moniliformin provided by F. fujikuroi culture material as in the subacute test from 2 weeks prior to the breeding season until their offspring (kits) were 8 weeks old. Consumption of the high-dose (17 ppm) diet resulted in significant neonatal mortality and reduced kit body weights at birth and at 8 weeks of age. Necropsy of 8-week-old kits from the control and high-dose groups revealed no gross or histologic lesions or alterations in liver, lung, or heart tissues that could account for the mortality observed in the kits exposed to the culture material. These results indicate that long-term (105-135 days) dietary exposure to F. fujikuroi culture material containing 17 ppm moniliformin is not lethal to adult female mink, but can have adverse effects on neonatal mink.