Enteral long-term nutrition via percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in 210 patients: a four-year prospective study

Abstract

After PEG placement at the Medical Department of the University Hospital in Kiel, 210 patients (mean age 61.3 years; 137 men, 73 women) were prospectively followed-up for 133+/-181 days. Close-meshed evaluations of the development of nutritional status, long-term outcome, complications, subjective acceptability, patient care after discharge from the hospital, survival, and nutritional long-term problems were performed. The PEG procedure (duration 13.3+/-4.2 min) was carried out for neurological (42%), ear-nose-throat (28%), and internal medical (30%) indications. Procedure-related mortality was 0%, while altogether 3.8% severe and 20.0% mild complications were observed. Body weight decreased by a mean of 11.4+/-1.5 kg in the three months before and increased by 3.5+/-1.7 kg one year after PEG placement with no significant differences between malignant or benign underlying diseases. Individual subjective acceptability was excellent in 83%, sufficient in 15%, and poor in 2% of patients only. One-year survival rate was 34.3%. The various results of the present prospective study demonstrate that long-term enteral feeding via PEG is a safe, effective, easy-to-practice, and highly acceptable method with excellent long-term results and distinct improvement of nutritional status. Individual decisions for PEG placement should be considered much earlier and more frequently in appropriate patients.