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Review
. 1998 Dec 24;339(26):1905-13.
doi: 10.1056/NEJM199812243392607.

Antigen localization and migration in immunity and tolerance

T E Starzl  1 , R M Zinkernagel
Affiliations
Review

Antigen localization and migration in immunity and tolerance

T E Starzl et al. N Engl J Med. .
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Distribution of Donor Leukocytes (Circles) Three Months after Kidney Transplantation
With the nearly complete disappearance from the allograft of donor leukocytes, the absence of which reduces the organ’s Immunogenicity, the recipient’s leukocytes replace them. The appearance of chimerism is visible in the nonlymphoid organs (skin, heart, and liver are shown), as is the communication between the nonlymphoid compartments and lymphoid compartments (spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and bone marrow).
Figure 2
Figure 2. Potential Outcomes after Infection with Noncytopathic Microorganisms and Analogies (Expressed as Rejection or Graft-versus-Host Disease) to Organ and Bone Marrow Transplantation
The horizontal axis denotes time. The vertical axis shows the magnitude of the viral load (V, solid line) and the host immune response (IR, dashed line). In Panel D, the IR is absent (straight dashed line) or minimal. GVHD denotes graft-versus-host disease.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Contemporaneous Host-versus-Graft (HVG) and Graft-versus-Host (GVH) Reactions after Transplantation
Failure is defined as the inability to control one or sometimes both of the reactions. Acute reciprocal clonal exhaustion after successful transplantation is subsequently maintained by chimerism-dependent low-grade stimulation of both leukocyte populations, which may wax and wane.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Zinkernagel RM. Immunology taught by viruses. Science. 1996;271:173–178. - PubMed
    1. Zinkernagel RM, Bachmann MF, Kandig TM, Oehen S, Pircher H, Hengartner H. On immunologic memory. Annu Rev Immunol. 1996;14:333–367. - PubMed
    1. Zinkernagel RM, Ehl S, Aichele P, Oehen S, Kundig T, Hengartner H. Antigen localization regulates immune responses in a dose- and time-dependent fashion: a geographical view of immune reactivity. Immunol Rev. 1997;156:199–209. - PubMed
    1. Starzl TE, Demetris AJ, Murase N, Ildstad S, Rocordi C, Trucco M. Cell migration, chimerism, and graft acceptance. Lancet. 1992;339:1579–1582. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Starzl TE, Demetris AJ, Trucco M, et al. Cell migration and chimerism after whole-organ transplantation: the basis of graft acceptance. Hepatology. 1993;17:1127–1152. - PMC - PubMed

Publication types