Biotransformations with peroxidases

Abstract

Enzymes are chiral catalysts and are able to produce optically active molecules from prochiral or racemic substrates by catalytic asymmetric induction. One of the major challenges in organic synthesis is the development of environmentally acceptable chemical processes for the preparation of enantiomerically pure compounds, which are of increasing importance as pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Enzymes meet this challenge! For example, a variety of peroxidases effectively catalyze numerous selective oxidations of electron-rich substrates, which include the hydroxylation of arenes, the oxyfunctionalizations of phenols and aromatic amines, the epoxidation and halogenation of olefins, the oxygenation of heteroatoms and the enantioselective reduction of racemic hydroperoxides. In this review, we summarize the important advances achieved in the last few years on peroxidase-catalyzed transformations, with major emphasis on preparative applications.