Safety of self-injection of gold and methotrexate

Abstract

Objective: We review our experience with safety, efficacy, and practicality of self-administration of gold and methotrexate (MTX) in 40 patients.

Methods: Between 1992 and 1995, 40 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) followed in the drug monitoring clinics of the Mary Pack Arthritis Centre were taught to self-administer parenteral gold or MTX. Self-injection education was recommended to patients who were stable and improved taking parenteral gold or MTX, and who had not experienced serious side effects. Charts were reviewed to extract and analyze prospectively collected data regarding safety, efficacy, and compliance.

Results: Sixty-five percent of patients performed self-injection and 35% received injections at home from a partner. Side effects in the self-injection patients are similar to those observed in clinic patients receiving drug by nurse administration. One MTX treated patient required treatment for interstitial pneumonitis, which developed after 22 weeks on self-injection. Side effects of self-injection included superficial irritation at the injection site in 2 patients and dosing error in 2 patients with no adverse effects. Seventy percent of gold and MTX treated patients continued self-injection after a mean of 34 months. Patients surveyed for satisfaction identified time saving and convenience as major benefits.

Conclusion: With basic instruction and close supervision, self-injection of antirheumatic drugs is safe in selected patients. Self-injection reduces utilization of health care services, and is convenient and time and cost-saving to the patient.