Effect of dissolved oxygen and Eh and Bacteroides fragilis during continuous culture

Abstract

Bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis was maintained in a chemostat modified for anaerobic conditions to test the effects of dissolved oxygen and Eh on growth. Using a defined medium containing glucose and a dilution rate of 0.16 h -1, a stable population of 3 X 10(9) colony-forming units/ml was present. At this steady state, the pH was 5.6, the Eh was -50 mV, and the dissolved oxygen concentration was 0% atmospheric saturation. The Eh was then adjusted to +300 mV by adding potassium ferricyanide while oxygen was excluded; in this system there were no demonstrable changes from the steady state in viable cells, pH, glucose concentration, or volatile fatty acid production. In other experiments oxygen was introduced into the original steady state at a dissolved oxygen concentration of 10% atmospheric saturation for a period of 6 to 8 h. During O2 exposure, the viable cell count decreased at a rate comparable to the theoretical washout rate for a static bacterial culture. Similar results were obtained with a dissolved oxygen concentration of 25 and 100%. Other effects of O2 exposure included an increase in Eh from -50 to +250 mV, a decrease in glucose consumption, and a decrease in volatile fatty acid production. These results suggest that dissolved oxygen has a bacteriostatic effect on B. fragilis in continuous culture, which may be independent of changes in Eh alone.